Loading...

Archive

    25 April 2022, Volume 44 Issue 2
    Research on Quantum Science and Technology Innovation Strategies
    ZOU Lixue LIU Yanli DONG Yu NIU Xiaorong
    2022, 44(2):  145-156.  doi:10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2021.08.007
    Asbtract ( 355 )   PDF (1096KB) ( 1327 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Quantum science and technology will have a significant impact on society and economy. Many countries/regions have proposed strategic plans for quantum science and technology, taking quantum as an important direction of science and technology development, increasing research and   development investment and occupying commanding heights. This paper makes an in-depth analysis on the innovation strategies of quantum science and technology in main countries/regions. First, we investigate the quantum science and technology strategic plans of main countries/regions, including the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom, Japan and Russia, to analyze their strategic layout characteristics and specific measures. Second, we analyze the strategic coordination and organizational mechanism in the United States and the European Union. Then, the special quantum research institutions established in recent years are summarized, and the measures taken by these institutions to accelerate the research and innovation of quantum information science are analyzed. After that, the development status of quantum science and technology in China is summarized. Finally, the paper puts forward suggestions for the innovation and development of quantum science and technology in China, including formulating special strategic plans, optimizing overall management mechanism, promoting quantum alliance and building industrial ecosystem, strengthening quantum discipline construction and cultivating quantum professionals.
    Development and Trend of Trapped Ion Quantum Computers
    RAO Xinxin LI Zhuoying SONG Xiao ZHU Feng LIU Haiyan CUI Ennan GAO Zixin LIU Mengyuan HUANG Maomao HAN Zhuo QIU Daowen ZHOU Zhuojun LUO Le
    2022, 44(2):  157-171.  doi:10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2022.02.003
    Asbtract ( 870 )   PDF (1372KB) ( 1742 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Quantum computer is a new type of physical device for the operation, storage and processing of quantum information, which is based on quantum properties, such as superposition and entanglement. By running quantum algorithms based on quantum hardware, quantum computers are capable to solve certain complex computational problems much faster and more efficiently than classical computers. Hence, quantum computers play a crucial role in the future science and technology development, international strategic competition and other aspects. Trapped ion is one of the main physical platforms to construct quantum computer. This paper introduces the development and trends of trapped ion quantum computers. Firstly, by reviewing the historical development of trapped ion quantum computing, this paper reviewed the principle, status, and trend of trapped ion quantum computers. Then, the paper focuses on the research frontier of distributed trapped ion quantum computer, and analyzes technical topics, such as ion-photon entanglement, distributed quantum computing, and quantum internet based on trapped-ions. Further, the development of the industry of trapped ion quantum computing is discussed, including core patents, research institutions, enterprises, and financing, as well as marketing and ecology. Finally, the paper provides suggestions for scientific research and industrial development of trapped ion quantum computers.
    Development Status and Prospect of Hydrogen Generation from Seawater
    WAN Jingjing ZHANG Jun WANG Youzhuan ZHANG Lijia DONG Xing
    2022, 44(2):  172-184.  doi:10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2021.09.001
    Asbtract ( 1166 )   PDF (1072KB) ( 1817 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The current industrial production of hydrogen basically comes from fossil energy. Under the background of carbon emissions peak, the utilization of hydrogen energy has to be greener and more convenient .The production of hydrogen from abundant seawater resources seems to be a promising way. This paper reviews the research and development status of hydrogen production from seawater in China and abroad in recent years, and summarizes the overall research progress of hydrogen production by direct electrolysis and photolysis of seawater respectively. Then, it introduces the industry development status of hydrogen production from desalinated seawater. Finally, the future development of hydrogen production from seawater is prospected. It is discovered that great challenges exist since direct hydrogen production of seawater is still in R&D and test stage. The hydrogen production from desalinated seawater need to resolve problems in complex process through industrial demonstration. The future of hydrogen production from seawater is based on hydrogen demand, electricity cost and technical feasibility. Under certain circumstances, hydrogen production from seawater may usher in development opportunities.
    Research on the Transformation System of Scientific and Technological Achievements Funded by Federal Research and Development Funds in the United States
    MA Biyu
    2022, 44(2):  185-198.  doi:10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2021.08.001
    Asbtract ( 254 )   PDF (1111KB) ( 1482 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements funded by public finance is an important task of the innovation-driven development strategy. It is necessary to discuss ways to improve the related system from the perspective of comparative law. The federal research and development funds in the United State are managed by two modes of budget expenditure and secondary allocation, which are mainly implemented by various federal laboratories and universities. The scientific and technological achievements funded by budget expenditure are subject to 15 U.S.C. (Commerce and Trade). Under this term, the scientific and technological achievements belong to the federal government, and could be applied by means of transfer or license. The scientific and technological achievements funded by competitive projects are subject to the Bayh-Dole Act of 35 U.S.C (Patents). Under these terms, the patents belong to non-federal contractors if they claimed the rights, and the patent could be only applied by license. Both models enable institutions to establish flexible and diverse partnerships with industry and value the transfer of scientific and technological achievements to small businesses.
    Analysis on the Evolution Characteristics and Social Network of Science and Technology Innovation Talent Policy in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Great Bay Area
    SUN DianChao LIU Yi WANG Chunming
    2022, 44(2):  199-209.  doi:10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2021.11.007
    Asbtract ( 274 )   PDF (1760KB) ( 678 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Science and technology innovation talent policy (STIP) is an important tool for government departments to allocate science and technology innovation talent resources optimally and to express government value. This study combed the STIP of 9 + 2 cities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Great Bay Area (GBA) from 2000 to 2020. Through quantitative analysis, qualitative analysis and text analysis, the internal and external attributes of the STIP, such as time evolution, voice weight, policy types, talent strategic objectives and social network were studied. The results are as follows: 1) The STIP in GBA experienced a rapid growth where government value orientation and administrative logic shifted to science and technology innovation; 2) The differences of the issuing departments of STIP in GBA reflected the voice weight and coordination degree of departments; 3) Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Foshan, Zhongshan and Jiangmen had made great efforts to attract talents, as a result, the advantages of human innovation resources are gradually highlighted. Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Foshan and Dongguan emphasized excellent service for talents, while Dongguan relatively emphasized the development and performance management of talent resources; 4) The similar industrial orientation of GBA also led to homogenization of talent competition. 5) The social network of policy documents in different cities show that the policies were centered but not linked. The centrality of STIP in Shenzhen and Zhuhai was high, while it was low in Guangzhou, Foshan, Zhaoqing and Jiangmen. Therefore, this paper concluded with implications of building the high-caliber talent hubs in GBA, including strengthening the overall planning of talent work, optimizing the expression and implementation of talent policy, and developing a differentiation strategy of GBA cities. 
    Regulation and Labeling Management of Gene-edited Food: Analysis Based on Cognitive Perspective
    DENG Xin’an WANG Shu ZENG Haiyan
    2022, 44(2):  210-221.  doi:10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2021.12.005
    Asbtract ( 174 )   PDF (1035KB) ( 424 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Gene-edited food (GEF) are at the stage of extensive research and development (R&D) and commercialization. The proper regulation and labeling of GEF have important influence and directive impact on the sound development of this emerging industry. Based on the review of international regulatory policies related to labeling and regulation patterns of GEF, this paper analyzes the relationship between labeling and cognition degree of GEF correlatively through methods of a combination of questionnaire and related statistics. The results indicate that the cognition degree of GEF is still low even for the sample provided by the professional groups. There is a negative correlation between labeling strength and cognition degree while the view “mandatory labeling” is dominant among the sample. Factors considered by the sample of needing label are the right to know, and potential safety issues which is more concerned by those with lower cognition degree of GEF. The respondents are less sensitive to the cost of labeling of GEF and feed. Therefore, the relations between individual intention for labeling and comprehensive benefits of emerging industry, policy flexibility and rational decision-making, etc., are discussed, and these recommendations are further put forward: raising public cognition degree of GEF, transition to the voluntary labeling policy in due course.
    Dynamic Mechanism and Path Analysis of Internet Healthcare Development Based on the Perspective of Multi-source Flow Model
    WANG Jiawang LI Qiangxiang CHEN Xiaoyuan
    2022, 44(2):  222-230.  doi:10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2021.08.002
    Asbtract ( 201 )   PDF (1053KB) ( 422 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Internet healthcare is conducive to promoting the reform and innovative development of the medical and health industry, and is of great significance to improving the medical level of people's livelihood in China. Firstly, this paper briefly reviews the development process of Internet healthcare based on the practices of Internet healthcare development in China. Then, based on the multi-source model theory put forward by Kingdon, this paper constructs the dynamic mechanism and path optimization analysis model of Internet healthcare development, and analyzes the dynamic mechanism of Internet healthcare development from the problem source, policy source and politics source in a holistic and multi-stage way. Studies have shown that the catalysis of people's livelihood needs, focus events and policy feedback is the fundamental driving force for the development of Internet healthcare; the attention of government personnel, experts and scholars and practitioners in the medical industry is the main driving force for the development of Internet medical care; the CPC’s ruling idea and the guidance of public opinion are the key traction for the development of Internet healthcare. Finally, based on the investigation of the dynamic mechanism of the development of Internet healthcare, this paper puts forward some suggestions to promote the further development of Internet healthcare, including: establish a problem-oriented notion, and promote the deep connection of top-level design and bottom-level practice; improve the decision-making mechanism, and broaden channels and build consensus; persist in ideological guidance and consolidate the foundation for ideological construction and public opinion response.
    Analysis on Patent Layout and Development Trend of Global Gene Editing Technology
    ZHONG Hua XU Meimei GOU Huan AN Xinying
    2022, 44(2):  231-243.  doi:10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2022.01.006
    Asbtract ( 385 )   PDF (2009KB) ( 960 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    In recent years, gene editing technology has developed rapidly and has been widely used in synthetic biology, metabolic engineering and medical research. This study, by analyzing the relevant patent documents of gene editing techniques, investigates the international situation, the main research and development institutions, research and development personnel and teams and their research and development cooperation status, technology flow, technical topics, and the present situation and problems of technology innovation of gene editing techniques. The global gene editing technology patent layout and the present condition of the talent, the development status and trend of gene editing techniques are revealed. It is found that gene editing technology has shown a rapid growth trend since 2016, among which CRISPR technology has become the main direction of gene editing technology research and development. The dominant research and development institutions of gene editing technology are mainly distributed in the United States. In China, national scientific research institutions such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences are in the forefront of research and development, and the technical content is mainly in the field of plants, farm animals or aquaculture. There are few systematic improvements in CRISPR and other key core technologies. The problem is that although the number of core patents in China is in the forefront, the distribution of patent technology needs to be optimized and expanded, and the number of patents with substantial transformation of technological achievements is small. Finally, based on the analysis results, suggestions are put forward for the development of gene editing technology in China, including to establish a basic, original gene editing technology system with global intellectual property rights, promote the optimization and adjustment of technology pattern, and promote the transformation of technological achievements.
    The Configuration Effect of Internal and External Environment on Technological Innovation Capability of China's Automobile Manufacturing Enterprises and Its Enlightenment
    LU Shichang LIU Chang
    2022, 44(2):  244-255.  doi:10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2021.09.003
    Asbtract ( 176 )   PDF (1059KB) ( 377 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to explore the impact of complex internal and external environments on the company’s technological innovation capabilities, 60 auto manufacturing companies are selected as the research objects, and the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method is used to explore the compensation incentives for internal executives, company scale, R&D investment, and knowledge-intensive degree, the complex mechanism of the interaction of factors such as external government subsidies, market power, and regional economic environment on enterprises' technological innovation capabilities. It is found that: 1) The individual antecedent conditions of the internal and external environment are not necessary conditions for automobile manufacturing enterprises to produce high-tech innovation capabilities; 2) There are four power modes in the paths of internal and external environmental factors affecting the technological innovation capabilities of automobile manufacturing enterprises; 3) Among the configuration effects that affect technological innovation capabilities, the synergistic driving mode of internal and external factors is the most common. From the configuration perspective, this paper enriches the research content that affects the enterprise's technological innovation ability, and provides useful enlightenment for the enterprise to coordinate internal and external environmental factors to improve its technological innovation ability. 
    Analysis of All of Us Research Program’s Construction Model and Characteristics
    LI Wei SUN Xuehui XU Ping CHEN Xingdong WANG Yue XU Li
    2022, 44(2):  265-274.  doi:10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2021.08.005
    Asbtract ( 261 )   PDF (1826KB) ( 543 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Measures to Deal with Scientific Misconduct by the German Research Foundation and Its Implications
    Mao Yiming Feng Yongqing Li Minglu Ren Zhen
    2022, 44(2):  275-281.  doi:10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2021.09.002
    Asbtract ( 208 )   PDF (1117KB) ( 442 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics