Amorphous alloy is a new type of high-performance metallic material developed by modern metallurgical technology. With excellent physical and mechanical properties such as high strength, high elasticity, high toughness, high corrosion resistance, good formability and better soft magnetic resistance, Amorphous alloys have great application potential in high-tech fields such as national defense and aerospace. In this paper, the evolution of amorphous alloys research is systematically reviewed, and the basic research ability of major countries in the world and the competition situation of China in this field are comprehensively analyzed from the horizontal and vertical dimensions. It is found that the research in China in this field is on the rising tendency in general, but there is still a certain gap in academic level between China and developed countries. The results also show that China’s research in this field is in the critical period of improvement and development, with the focus shifting from quantity to quality. The systematic analysis results would provide an important basis and value reference for making relevant policies and plans for the future development of basic research on amorphous alloys in China.