The current industrial production of hydrogen basically comes from fossil energy. Under the background of carbon emissions peak, the utilization of hydrogen energy has to be greener and more convenient .The production of hydrogen from abundant seawater resources seems to be a promising way. This paper reviews the research and development status of hydrogen production from seawater in China and abroad in recent years, and summarizes the overall research progress of hydrogen production by direct electrolysis and photolysis of seawater respectively. Then, it introduces the industry development status of hydrogen production from desalinated seawater. Finally, the future development of hydrogen production from seawater is prospected. It is discovered that great challenges exist since direct hydrogen production of seawater is still in R&D and test stage. The hydrogen production from desalinated seawater need to resolve problems in complex process through industrial demonstration. The future of hydrogen production from seawater is based on hydrogen demand, electricity cost and technical feasibility. Under certain circumstances, hydrogen production from seawater may usher in development opportunities.

The paper selects the EU’s wind energy research projects in Horizon 2020, establishes a wind energy industry custom dictionary and utilizes natural language processing (NLP) methods to extract project keywords. Using bibliometrics methods and visualization tools, knowledge maps are drawn, and project theme clustering, research hotspots and development trends, etc., are analyzed. It is found that the hot themes of the projects include ICT, rotor and blade structure, innovative concept design models for wind turbine, and many other wind energy related technologies such as electrical, control, sensing, detection, wind resources and site selection, robot operation and maintenance etc. Since 2018, wind energy research themes such as digital transformation, digital maps, satellite image, marine robots, mooring system, and predictive maintenance have received more attention. The EU wind energy industry has formed a wind energy innovation ecosystem, with SIEMENS, DANMARKS TEKNISKE UNIVERSITET, TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT, FRAUNHOFER, KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN as the core. In the context of the "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" goal, China's wind energy industry will embrace larger development opportunities. In the end, this article puts forward suggestions on strengthening innovation cooperation with the EU's wind energy industry, expanding the coverage of innovation content, stimulating the innovation vitality of SMEs, and nourishing the innovation ecosystem of China's wind energy industry.

Joe Biden, as the new president of the United States, attaches great importance to climate change and sets out an ambitious "clean energy revolution plan" to deal with the climate crisis, announcing to return to the Paris climate agreement to ensure that the United States will achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. This paper interprets the key points of Biden's "clean energy revolution plan" and its climate policy propositions, and makes a retrospective analysis of the development history of American energy policy to probe deeply into the Biden administration's climate and energy propositions. In terms of energy policy, the study found that Biden continues the consistent position and proposition of the Democratic Party to support clean energy revolution, holding the same basic position with the Obama era, but there are important changes in two aspects: First, the United States has achieve energy independence, which will bring more wiggle room for the Biden government and subsequent governments to make domestic and foreign policy choices, and its strategic means will be less restricted by energy factors; Second, the Biden government will pay more attention to the core role of clean energy technology innovation, with the help of the source innovation advantage and scientific and technology leadership of the United States, lead the formulation of a new set of rules of the game, reform the international energy governance system under the new situation, firmly control the international discourse power to obtain the maximum benefits, and further strengthen the use of scientific and technological advantages to suppress major competitors. Then, this paper analyzes its influence on the world energy pattern and the future development of China, which mainly includes: 1) the differences in the cognition and behavior of climate change will cause future Sino-US frictions; 2) wariness of China will intensify competition between the United States and China in climate-related innovative technologies; 3) the U.S. may form a coalition of "democratic countries" to continuously exert pressure on China. In view of this, some policy suggestions for China are put forward: According to the new development pattern of "Dual Circulation", China should accelerate the independent innovation and application of key technologies of clean energy; accelerate the establishment of national independent innovation demonstration zone for multi-energy integration, and contribute solutions to China's goal of achieving carbon peak and carbon neutral; deeply integrate digital technology and energy technology to build China's smart energy system; deeply participate in global cooperation, and actively participate in international energy cooperation The reform of energy source management system will create a good external environment for China's energy transformation; opening a new model of cooperation between China and the United States and share responsibilities to lead the global transition to green and low-carbon energy and combat climate change.

The global energy is developing towards low-carbon and clean, hydrogen, as an efficient, clean energy and an ideal energy interconnection medium, has a wide range of application scenarios and is recognized to play a pivotal role in the process of energy transformation. The development trend of global hydrogen production technology is studied from the perspective of patent analysis. It is found that the research and development speed of electrolytic water hydrogen production technology is far ahead of that of fossil fuel hydrogen production technology in recent 10 years, and there is further growth potential in the future. Research on electrolytic water technology focuses on proton exchange membrane electrolytic water (PEM) technology and the design of electrolytic cell, control technology and power system design technology for matching renewable energy power. The United States and Japan are the major exporting countries of PEM electrolytic water technology. The existing technology systems in these regions are relatively mature and the technology monopoly degree in the industry is relatively high. The research of PEM electrolytic water technology in China is at the growth stage, the research, development and innovation are still primarily conducted by universities and research institutes, and the innovation achievements have not yet fully entered the market.

With new energy vehicles attracting increasing global attention, hydrogen fuel cell hybrid vehicles have become one of the main development trends of new energy vehicles. Its major recharge modes are divided into two forms: hydrogen and charging. In this paper, the development plan of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle in different countries and the advantages of hydrogen fuel cell hybrid vehicle are analysed, the gap between China and foreign countries in this field is summarized, the hydrogen production technology such as hydro-hydrolysis, reforming hydrogen production and industrial by-product gas hydrogen production as well as the charging technology such as wireless charging, power exchange technology and high-power charging are explained in detail, and the development of standards in China in this field is analyzed. Suggestions for developing hydro-hydrolysis and dynamic wireless charging technologies in China are put forward. The paper also proposes suggestions to promote future development in this field, such as to accelerate the implementation of the public industry of power exchange technology, to accelerate the construction of hydrogen power joint station, and to strengthen cooperation with relevant institutions abroad in order to strive to be at the forefront of the world with the support of the government. The relevant conclusions can provide reference for enterprises and users.

With increasing stress in global climate and the acceleration of energy transition, hydrogen has caught attention of the world for its advantages of clean, flexible and efficient and abundant application scenarios. Since 2000, Japan, the US, Europe and the other developed countries attach importance to hydrogen and consider it in their energy strategies, and make substantial progresses on development of hydrogen industry through efforts in strategic layout, project development and demonstration application. This article summarizes and analyzes hydrogen industry strategic points, targets and development levels of each major country, compares and analyzes basic researches and technical reserves of China and prior countries on hydrogen. Research indicates that, a new wave of hydrogen economy has started in the world, each main country is accelerating layouts of hydrogen economy; comparing with prior countries on hydrogen in the world, China still has gaps on top-level design, industrial technology control and industry development level. The paper then suggests that China should: further strengthen strategic guidance and industry-academia-research collaboration; increase localization level of key materials and devices; give full play to resource advantages, actively distributing green hydrogen economy; and pay attention to hydrogen downstream diversified utilization.