In the transition period of the deep development of Open Science globalization, relevant policies on open scientific software have emerged. The systematic analysis of these policies can provide a reference for the optimization and improvement of China’s Open Science policy under the new situation. With the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science as the main line, this paper sorts out the main policies of open scientific software abroad, analyzes its core content, and extracts useful enlightenment for China. Analysis shows that the United States, France, Australia and the European Union have issued a series of policies to promote “Open Software” to become a new key field of Open Science, and have formed relatively complete and clear policy objectives, basic principles and key measures. The main inspirations for China’s Open Science policies and practices include: 1) Emphasizing the coordination of data and software open policies; 2) Fully utilize the resources of open software to create an autonomous and controllable scientific software ecosystem; 3) Actively participate in international cooperation in open scientific software development and utilization, and increase international discourse and influence.