Bioeconomy is a new economic form after agricultural economy, industrial economy, and digital economy. Its driving force mainly includes the use of biological resources, the coupling of biological data, and the innovation of biotechnology. Among them, the introduction of digitalization, because it opened up the“data → information → knowledge → application” transfromation of the knowledge-intensive bioeconomy, improved the protection and utilization efficiency of biological resources, and enhanced the measurement and analysis, regulation and intervention, design and creative capabilities of complex biological systems It promoted the direction of biotechnology towards quantitative, computing, regulatory, and predictable, and activated the kinetic energy of biological economy. Based on the analysis of the production factors, production relations and productivity characteristics of bioeconomy, this article has explored the developing path of a digital-driven bioeconomy, studied the challenges of bioeconomy development and possible digital governance strategies, and proposed targeted suggestions.