At present, the developed economies represented by the EU and the US are trying to compete for the leading role in making global climate and trade rules through the unilateral carbon Border Regulation Mechanism (CBAM). Based on the analysis of relevant European and American policy texts, the implementation of CBAM in the EU and the United States has become an inevitable trend and combined with the construction of their own carbon market to formulate different collection rules to further protect the competitiveness of local industries, accelerate economic recovery, and compete for international discourse power, so as to occupy the moral high ground of global climate rules. The short-term CBAM mechanism has a limited impact on China and will continue to impact energy-intensive industrial exports in the long term. The EU and the US may use this opportunity to suppress the Chinese industrial chain supply chain and cause the leakage of industrial enterprise information. The overall green transformation process of the economy will be affected to varying degrees. In this regard, China should stick to the bottom line thinking, make early plans, promote multilateral climate negotiations, oppose any protectionist trade policies, stimulate the leading role of green and low-carbon technologies and build a dual-cycle green economic system, advocate a fair and reasonable carbon neutral order and promote governance model, continue to improve the carbon trading market system, promote globalization, convergence and mutual certification, speed up the exploration of a carbon tax system and promote the use of special carbon taxes to gain circulation.