Abstract: Large scale scientific facilities are an important symbol of the country's scientific and technological innovation capability and comprehensive strength, economic strength and even soft power. As the largest target country of technological and economic sanctions by Western countries, its experience in the construction of large-scale scientific facilities have practical significance. This paper clarifies the concept of the Russian Megascience facilities, sorting out its policy evolution, examines its construction process and latest progress, and summarizes the characteristics of Russian Megascience facilities in terms of projects, goals, management and factors. There are only 7 Megascience facilities defined in Russia in a narrow sense. They are projects with international comparative advantages selected under the scientific management system of Russia's mandatory plan. The situation at home and abroad is highly sensitive. China should build a benign international cooperation mechanism with independent research and development as the main line, build a sustainable large-scale scientific development ecology, and strike a balance between accumulating resources to build large scale scientific facilities and expanding scientific and technological undertakings.