Abstract: Reliable greenhouse gas (GHG) monitoring is conducive to the improvement of the carbon accounting system and will promote the development of the carbon emission trading market, providing scientific monitoring support for the realization of double carbon goals. This study reviews the spatial distribution, research hotspots, and evolution of academic research and patent technology in the field of international GHG monitoring based on bibliometric and patent analysis. Through comparative analysis, the research hotspots were classified into research and application of monitoring technology and instruments, GHG monitoring and emission estimation in urban areas, application of monitoring technology in key industries such as industry, global and regional-scale flux monitoring and its supporting technologies, and monitoring management methods, means, and measures. The research evolution is characterized by the gradual improvement of monitoring methods, technologies, and instruments, the gradual expansion of monitoring fields and scope, the continuous upgrading of monitoring platforms, and the continuous innovation of monitoring management. Combined with the international development trends and domestic status, there are still key technical problems, monitoring accuracy problems, and management system and management mechanism challenges in our country. Some suggestions were put forward around tamping the GHG monitoring foundation, improving the GHG stereo monitoring and evaluation system, and making innovations in management systems and management mechanisms.

Key words: Greenhouse Gas Monitoring, Bibliometrics, Patentometrics, Knowledge Graphs, VOSviewer, Citespace