Abstract: With the continuous expansion of application fields, blockchain technology has received extensive attention from the whole society. This paper uses the Herfindahl-Hirschman index and the entropy index to measure and analyze the patent concentration of China's blockchain technology patent holders, various branches, and provinces. The results show that China's blockchain technology patents are generally decentralized, but the concentration degrees of patents in the branches of blockchain technology are significantly different. Among them, the patents of data layer and application layer technologies are more scattered, and the patents of incentive layer technologies are more concentrated. The concentration degrees of blockchain technology patents in various provinces and cities are different. The patents in the eastern region are more scattered, but the patents in the western region are more concentrated. In response to the conclusions of the analysis, the government should introduce policies to avoid excessive concentration and decentralization of patents. Among them, the eastern region should promote the formation of patent pools, integrate blockchain technology resources, and the western region should strengthen the transfer and transformation of patent results, and promote technology to flow toward the market. Companies should make breakthroughs in incentive layer technology to increase R&D efforts, and appropriately promote patent concentration in the data layer and application layer. Universities, research institutes and enterprises should jointly conduct research and establish a cooperative and sharing technological innovation system.

Key words: Blockchain Technology, Patent Concentration, Patent Fragmentation, HHI Index, E Index