世界科技研究与发展 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 182-196.doi: 10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2023.12.003

• 科技政策与管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

美国生物技术安全治理研究

许豫缘 田德桥   

  1. 军事科学院军事医学研究院,北京 100071
  • 出版日期:2024-04-25 发布日期:2024-04-29

Overview and Analysis of Biotechnology Security Governance in the United States

XU Yuyuan   TIAN Deqiao   

  1. Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
  • Online:2024-04-25 Published:2024-04-29

摘要:

生命科学研究及生物技术的开发应用在造福人类社会的同时,也可能带来潜在风险。生物技术安全治理是生物安全治理的重要组成部分。美国对生物科技发展非常重视,同时也高度重视生物技术安全治理,形成了比较完善的法规体系与监管机制,相关政策研究也比较多。本研究概述了美国生物技术安全相关法规、生物安全科学顾问委员会等美国政府机构指南与报告、美国国家科学院出版社报告等,分析了美国生物技术安全治理的特点,并在对比分析我国生物技术安全治理现状的基础上,对我国生物技术安全治理提出了建议。

关键词: 生物安全, 生物技术, 治理, 政策法规, 美国

Abstract:

Life science research and the development and application of biotechnology not only benefit human society, but may also bring potential risks. Biotechnology security governance is an important component of biosecurity governance. The United States attaches great importance to the development of biotechnology and also pays attention to biotechnology security governance, forming a relatively thorough regulatory system and doing many related policy studies. This study summarized relevant regulations on biotechnology security in the United States, guidance from U.S. government agencies such as the National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity, and reports from the National Academies Press. It analyzed the characteristics of biotechnology security governance in the United States and the current situation of biotechnology security governance in China, and proposed suggestions for China’s biotechnology security governance.

Key words: Biosecurity, Biotechnology, Governance, Policy, United States