关键词: 俄罗斯, 海洋研究, 海洋科技, 政策分析

Abstract: Russia is a traditional large marine country. A practical understanding of its marine research activities will help China develop marine science and technology. Based on laws, strategies, plans and projects, this paper makes a qualitative analysis on the objectives, policy orientation and main fields of Russian marine research activities. It is considered that the top-level design of marine research activities in Russia is relatively complete and has significant top-down characteristics. Russia's marine research aims to serve national interests and help maintain its status as a major maritime power. Russia's marine research activities involve the world's oceans, focusing on the inland sea, territorial sea and adjacent waters, Arctic and Antarctic. In terms of the research field, Russian research covers not only basic exploratory issues such as marine physics, marine chemistry and marine geology, but also the research and development of applied technologies such as shipbuilding science, marine development equipment, scientific research facilities and information, security and life support systems to ensure marine research activities. China should base itself on reality, speed up the marine legislation and the formulate China's strategy of Antarctica and Arctic, improve the layout of research forces focusing on regions and specialties, and strengthen the construction of independent and controllable marine technology chain, so as to promote the initiative of "Maritime Silk Road" and develop marine economy.

Key words: Russia, Marine Research, Marine Science and Technology, Policy Analysis