关键词: 拜登气候与能源政策主张, 清洁能源革命计划, 能源格局, 碳中和, 对策建议

Abstract: Joe Biden, as the new president of the United States, attaches great importance to climate change and sets out an ambitious "clean energy revolution plan" to deal with the climate crisis, announcing to return to the Paris climate agreement to ensure that the United States will achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. This paper interprets the key points of Biden's "clean energy revolution plan" and its climate policy propositions, and makes a retrospective analysis of the development history of American energy policy to probe deeply into the Biden administration's climate and energy propositions. In terms of energy policy, the study found that Biden continues the consistent position and proposition of the Democratic Party to support clean energy revolution, holding the same basic position with the Obama era, but there are important changes in two aspects: First, the United States has achieve energy independence, which will bring more wiggle room for the Biden government and subsequent governments to make domestic and foreign policy choices, and its strategic means will be less restricted by energy factors; Second, the Biden government will pay more attention to the core role of clean energy technology innovation, with the help of the source innovation advantage and scientific and technology leadership of the United States, lead the formulation of a new set of rules of the game, reform the international energy governance system under the new situation, firmly control the international discourse power to obtain the maximum benefits, and further strengthen the use of scientific and technological advantages to suppress major competitors. Then, this paper analyzes its influence on the world energy pattern and the future development of China, which mainly includes: 1) the differences in the cognition and behavior of climate change will cause future Sino-US frictions; 2) wariness of China will intensify competition between the United States and China in climate-related innovative technologies; 3) the U.S. may form a coalition of "democratic countries" to continuously exert pressure on China. In view of this, some policy suggestions for China are put forward: According to the new development pattern of "Dual Circulation", China should accelerate the independent innovation and application of key technologies of clean energy; accelerate the establishment of national independent innovation demonstration zone for multi-energy integration, and contribute solutions to China's goal of achieving carbon peak and carbon neutral; deeply integrate digital technology and energy technology to build China's smart energy system; deeply participate in global cooperation, and actively participate in international energy cooperation The reform of energy source management system will create a good external environment for China's energy transformation; opening a new model of cooperation between China and the United States and share responsibilities to lead the global transition to green and low-carbon energy and combat climate change.

Key words: Biden's climate and energy policy, Clean Energy Revolution, Energy Framework, Carbon Neutral, Countermeasures and Suggestions