厌氧氨氧化微生物学机制及其在污水脱氮工艺中的应用进展

doi:10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2016.12.002

›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 45-50.doi: 10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2016.12.002

厌氧氨氧化微生物学机制及其在污水脱氮工艺中的应用进展

郭星1 赵光1，2 孙婷1 冀丽爽1 马放2

1.辽宁工业大学化学与环境工程学院，锦州121001；2.哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院，哈尔滨150090

收稿日期:2016-08-26 修回日期:2016-11-04 出版日期:2017-02-25 发布日期:2017-03-06
基金资助:
第56 批中国博士后科学基金( 2014M561361) ，辽宁省博士科研启动基金( 201501124) ，哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室开放基金( HCK201608) 资助

Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation Mechanism of Microbiology and Its Application in Sewage Denitrification Process

GUO Xing1 ZHAO Guang1,2 SUN Ting1 JI Lishuang1 MA Fang2

1. School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,Liaoning University of Technology,Jinzhou 121001,China; 2. School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China

Received:2016-08-26 Revised:2016-11-04 Online:2017-02-25 Published:2017-03-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

厌氧氨氧化反应（Anammox）是指将NH⁺₄ -N和NO^-₂ -N直接转变为N₂去除的生物氧化过程，近年来成为新型生物脱氮技术研究的热点。在厌氧氨氧化反应中起关键作用的厌氧氨氧化细菌是一类对生态环境要求极为苛刻的微生物类群。目前，对于厌氧氨氧化生物转化过程的生物学理论与机制研究虽取得一定的突破，但有关厌氧氨氧化微生物代谢与调控机制的关键科学问题研究还不够深入，严重制约了该技术的工程化应用与推广。本文着重阐述了厌氧氨氧化菌的微生物学原理、生理特性，以及参与中心代谢途径的关键酶基因等，进而讨论了典型的厌氧氨氧化反应的化学与生化反应模型、影响厌氧氨氧化生物代谢过程的主要生态因子。最后，针对厌氧氨氧化技术在国内外典型的污水脱氮工艺中的应用现状与运行效果，深入剖析了产业化工程应用与推广的瓶颈，并对厌氧氨氧化技术未来的理论机制研究与产业化工程应用进行了前景展望。

关键词: 厌氧氨氧化菌, 脱氮工艺, 微生物学机制, 代谢途径

Abstract:

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation ( Anammox) is a biological oxidation process,which can convert NH+₄ -N andNO -₂ -N to N₂ directly. Recently,it has become a hot topic in the research of new biological nitrogen removal technology.However,anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria plays a key role in the process of Anammox,and is strictly required to theecological environment conditions. At present,the research on Anammox biological conversion process has been made a greatprogress. Yet,the mechanism of microbial metabolism and regulation technology of Anammox are still lacked of deep research,which seriously restrict the engineering application. Microbiology mechanism of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria,physiological characteristics,and the key enzyme genes which participate in centre metabolic pathway were overall illustrated.Then,chemical and biochemical reaction model and the influences of biological metabolism on significant ecologicalfactors were discussed. Finally,based on application progress of Anammox technology in domestic and foreign typical sewagedenitrification technology,engineering application statuses and the restrictions of development for Anammox technology wereintensively analysed. Moreover,the prospect of theory research on Anammox technology and industrialization in the futurewere also discussed.

Key words: font-size: 10.5pt, mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt, mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体, mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast, mso-ansi-language: EN-US, mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN, mso-bidi-language: AR-SA" lang="EN-US">anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria, nitrogen removal process, microbiological mechanism, metabolic pathway

中图分类号:

X703.1

郭星赵光孙婷冀丽爽马放. 厌氧氨氧化微生物学机制及其在污水脱氮工艺中的应用进展[J]. , 2017, 39(1): 45-50.

GUO Xing1 ZHAO Guang SUN Ting JI Lishuang MA Fang. Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation Mechanism of Microbiology and Its Application in Sewage Denitrification Process[J]. , 2017, 39(1): 45-50.

厌氧氨氧化微生物学机制及其在污水脱氮工艺中的应用进展

Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation Mechanism of Microbiology and Its Application in Sewage Denitrification Process

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