关键词: 新加坡, 科技创新, 国际合作, 科技评估, 创新实力, 国际关系

Abstract: The establishment of international scientific and technological organizations is an important measure to actively integrate into the global innovation network and build an open innovation ecosystem. Italy has initiated the establishment of three international scientific and technological organizations, namely The World Academy of Sciences for the advancement of science in developing countries(TWAS), the International Centre for Theoretical Physics(ICTP) and the International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(ICGEB). This has formed an innovative ecosystem where international scientific and technological organizations collaborate and benefit each other with large-scale scientific research infrastructure, universities and research institutes, and science parks. It has also created a highland for scientific and technological openness and cooperation, as well as an influential international scientific and technological center. Through methods such as field visits, literature research, and case analysis, this study conducts an in-depth analysis of the development process, government support measures, institutional operation mechanisms, and achievements of Italy in leading the establishment of international scientific and technological organizations. It summarizes its experience in building international scientific and technological organizations and draws relevant insights.

Key words: International Science and Technology Organization, International Science and Technology Center, Open Innovation, Italy