关键词: 量子计算, 中美, 科技规划, 研发现状, LDA主题模型, 基础研究, 军民融合

Abstract: The realization of quantum computing will create unparalleled computing capabilities, which will be much faster than classical computing when it comes to solving certain problems. Because the potential military and commercial applications of quantum computing could be nearly endless, it has become a strategic area for many countries. In this paper, comparative analyses were conducted in terms of policies and research and development (R&D) status in the field of quantum computing in China and the United States, aiming to provide reference for advancing the development of quantum computing in China. First of all, we analyzed the important scientific and technological planning of quantum computing in recent years: the United States attaches importance to strategic deployment and top-level design, and effectively leverages national strategic strengths in science and technology; quantum computing has attracted a high level of attention at the national strategic level in China, and support for relevant science and technology plans has been gradually increased. Further more, in the present study, LDA, i.e., Latent Dirichlet Allocation, topic model was utilized to conduct text mining based paper data, and we analyzed and compared differences between China and the United States in fundamental research on quantum computing. Then, we introduced the latest progress of quantum computing industry in China and the United States: the quantum computing industry in the United States is developing rapidly, while slightly weak in China. Finally, some suggestions were putted forward to advance the future innovative development of quantum computing in China : to strengthen top-level strategic planning to guide the rapid development of quantum computing; give play to the leading role of the superiority technology, evaluate key technical problems for the future, and to provide focused support for these key technical problems; to build a quantum computing R&D ecosystem, and to promote the development of quantum computing industry; to advance research on military-civil fusion and ensure our national security. 

Key words: Quantum Computing, China, United States, Scientific and Technological Planning, Research and Development Status, LDA, Topic Model, Fundamental Research, Military-civil Fusion