关键词: 开放科学, 开放数据, 开放存取, 知识共享, 科研范式

Abstract: Open science has emerged along with the trend of globalization and advent of big data. Open Science represents a new paradigm to the scientific process based on cooperative work and new ways of diffusing knowledge by using digital technologies and new collaborative tools, exerting profound impact on the entire research cycle. The way of research cooperation, knowledge sharing, research evaluation and organization mode of research has also changed. Taking a long-term perspective, EU acted as a pioneer in developing a pan-European open science strategy, constructing a comprehensive, coherent, interactive and collaborative ecosystem for open science. The article discusses the overall layout and the corresponding ecosystem development of EU's open science strategy, especially focusing on a few representative projects led by European Open Science Cloud, and then analyzes the characteristics of this strategy. The EU's open science strategy attaches great importance to top-down design and coordination as a whole, and expands the efforts to every aspects of open science by carrying out the pilot projects. It adopts a multi-stakeholder-governed approach, and takes the public consultation and expert advice seriously.

Key words: Open Science, Open Data, Open Access, Knowledge Sharing, Research Paradigm