世界科技研究与发展 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 158-169.doi: 10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2023.07.008

• 科技政策与管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

国际开放科学软件的政策分析及启示

翟军 左云皓 沈立新   

  1. 大连海事大学航运经济与管理学院,大连 116026
  • 出版日期:2024-04-25 发布日期:2024-04-29
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金“集装箱多式联运电子‘一单制’的智能合约设计方法及应用研究”(21YJAZH070),辽宁省研究生教育教学改革研究项目“特色高校提高研究生教育国际化质量和水平的研究与实践——以大连海事大学为例”(LNYJG2022202),辽宁省普通高等教育本科教学改革研究项目“数智时代信息管理与信息系统一流专业建设的研究与实践”(辽教通〔2022〕166号-339)

Analysis and Enlightenment of International Policies on Open Scientific Software

ZHAI Jun   ZUO Yunhao   SHEN Lixin   

  1. School of Maritime Economics and Management, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
  • Online:2024-04-25 Published:2024-04-29

摘要:

在开放科学运动全球化深入发展的转型时期,开放科学软件的相关政策集中涌现,对其进行系统分析可为新形势下我国开放科学政策的优化和完善提供借鉴和参考。本文以联合国教科文组织《开放科学建议书》为主线,梳理出国际上开放科学软件的主要政策,解析其核心内容,提炼出对我国有益的启示。分析表明,美国、法国、澳大利亚和欧盟等都出台了系列政策,推动“开放软件”成为开放科学新的重点领域,已形成较为完备、清晰的政策目标、基本原则和关键举措。对我国开放科学政策和实践的主要启示有:1)注重开放数据与软件政策的协同;2)充分利用开放软件的资源,营造自主可控的科学软件生态系统;3)积极参与开放科学软件开发与利用的国际合作,增加国际话语权和影响力。

关键词: 开放科学, 科学软件, 开放政策, 开放软件, 开源软件

Abstract:

In the transition period of the deep development of Open Science globalization, relevant policies on open scientific software have emerged. The systematic analysis of these policies can provide a reference for the optimization and improvement of China’s Open Science policy under the new situation. With the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science as the main line, this paper sorts out the main policies of open scientific software abroad, analyzes its core content, and extracts useful enlightenment for China. Analysis shows that the United States, France, Australia and the European Union have issued a series of policies to promote “Open Software” to become a new key field of Open Science, and have formed relatively complete and clear policy objectives, basic principles and key measures. The main inspirations for China’s Open Science policies and practices include: 1) Emphasizing the coordination of data and software open policies; 2) Fully utilize the resources of open software to create an autonomous and controllable scientific software ecosystem; 3) Actively participate in international cooperation in open scientific software development and utilization, and increase international discourse and influence.

Key words: Open Science, Scientific Software, Open Policy, Open Software, Open Source Software